Official NameKingdom of Saudi Arabia (Al-Mamlakah al-Arabīyah as-Su‘ūdīyah)
CapitalRiyadh (NEOM Giga-Project, King Abdullah Financial District - KAFD & Red Sea Global)
CurrencySaudi Riyal (SAR / ر.س, pegged to USD at 3.75)
Official LanguageArabic (English is widely used in tech, energy, and corporate business)
Population~36 million (Largest Economy in the Middle East & G20 Member, ~$1.1T USD GDP)
Time ZoneArabia Standard Time (AST, UTC+3, no DST)
General Organization for Social Insurance (GOSI - Saudis)11.75% Employer / 9.75% Employee (21.5% Total)
Occupational Hazards (GOSI - Expatriates)2.0% Employer contribution (Workplace injury insurance)
Personal Income Tax0.0% (Zero personal income tax on employment earnings)
Mandatory End of Service Award (EOSA)0.5 months' pay/yr (first 5 yrs) + 1 full month's pay/yr thereafter
Nitaqat Saudization Workforce QuotasMandatory tier-based quotas for employing Saudi citizens (Qiwa portal)
Regional Headquarters (RHQ) ProgramRequirement for multinationals to establish MENA HQs in Riyadh
Annual Vacation (Saudi Labor Law)21 calendar days (tenure < 5 yrs) scaling to 30 calendar days (5+ yrs)
Standard Workweek40 to 48 hours/week (8 hours/day over 5 or 6 days under Labor Law)
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the largest economy in the Middle East, a G20 member (~$1.1+ trillion USD GDP), and the financial and industrial anchor of the Arab world. Under the transformative **Saudi Vision 2030** led by the Public Investment Fund (PIF managing over $900+ billion), Saudi Arabia is undergoing the largest economic diversification and mega-infrastructure buildout in modern history, highlighted by NEOM (the $500B futuristic cognitive region), the King Abdullah Financial District (KAFD) in Riyadh, the **Regional Headquarters (RHQ) Program** (incentivizing Fortune 500 multinationals to base their MENA headquarters in Riyadh), renewable clean hydrogen, entertainment/gaming (Savvy Games Group), and global energy leadership through Saudi Aramco.
Hiring employees in Saudi Arabia requires compliance with the Saudi Labor Law (*Royal Decree No. M/51 as amended*), the **Qiwa platform** for electronic employment contracts, the **Mudad Wage Protection System (WPS)** for salary transfers, mandatory contributions to the General Organization for Social Insurance (**GOSI** at 11.75% employer for Saudi citizens, and 2.0% for expatriates), the mandatory **End of Service Award (*EOSA*)**, and compliance with **Nitaqat Saudization quotas**. Setting up a local LLC requires a Ministry of Investment (MISA) foreign investment license, commercial registration (CR), and bank setup taking 4 to 8+ weeks.
A Global Employer of Record (EOR) enables international technology, consulting, and engineering companies to hire talent in Saudi Arabia legally, quickly, and in full compliance with Nitaqat and Qiwa regulations without establishing a local company. The EOR acts as the legal employer, managing Qiwa electronic contracts, GOSI social security, Mudad WPS payroll disbursements, and compliant SAR payroll.